关于程序只运行一次的问题

2016-02-19 12:52 3 1 收藏

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【 tulaoshi.com - 编程语言 】

  //从论坛上copy来,事先自己并未验证

  引用秋风兄的代码:
    Application.Title := 'PerRecord';
    Application.Initialize;
    mHandle := Windows.CreateMutex(nil, true, 'PerRecord');
    if mHandle 0 then
    begin
      if GetLastError = Windows.ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS then
      begin
        fHandle := FindWindow('TfrmLogin', nil);
        if fHandle = 0 then
          fHandle := FindWindow('TfrmPer', nil);
        if fHandle 0 then
        begin
          ShowWindow(fHandle, SW_SHOW);
          SetForeGroundWindow(fHandle);
        end;
        Windows.ReleaseMutex(mHandle);
        Halt;
      end;
    end;

    Application.CreateForm(TdmPer, dmPer);
    Application.CreateForm(TfrmPer, frmPer);
    Application.Run;
  

  第二个

  http://dev.csdn.net/article/20/20379.shtm 看都没有看,来不及了,有待考证

  第三个

  回复人: fj218(洞庭风) ( 关于程序只运行一次的问题) 信誉:103

  uses这个单元即可

  unit RunOne;

  interface

  const
    MI_QUERYWINDOWHANDLE   = 1;
    MI_RESPONDWINDOWHANDLE = 2;

    MI_ERROR_NONE          = 0;
    MI_ERROR_FAILSUBCLASS  = 1;
    MI_ERROR_CREATINGMUTEX = 2;

  // Call this function to determine if error occurred in startup.
  // Value will be one or more of the MI_ERROR_* error flags.
  function GetMIError: Integer;

  implementation

  uses Forms, Windows, SysUtils;

  const
    UniqueAppStr = 'ShuanYuan_SoftWare';

  var
    MessageId: Integer;
    WProc: TFNWndProc;
    MutHandle: THandle;
    MIError: Integer;

  function GetMIError: Integer;
  begin
    Result := MIError;
  end;

  function NewWndProc(Handle: HWND; Msg: Integer; wParam, lParam: Longint):
    Longint; stdcall;
  begin
    Result := 0;
    // If this is the registered message...
    if Msg = MessageID then
    begin
      case wParam of
        MI_QUERYWINDOWHANDLE:
          // A new instance is asking for main window handle in order
          // to focus the main window, so normalize app and send back
          // message with main window handle.
          begin
            if IsIconic(Application.Handle) then
            begin
              Application.MainForm.WindowState := wsNormal;
              Application.Restore;
            end;
            PostMessage(HWND(lParam), MessageID, MI_RESPONDWINDOWHANDLE,
              Application.MainForm.Handle);
          end;
        MI_RESPONDWINDOWHANDLE:
          // The running instance has returned its main window handle,
          // so we need to focus it and go away.
          begin
            SetForegroundWindow(HWND(lParam));
            Application.Terminate;
          end;
      end;
    end
    // Otherwise, pass message on to old window proc
    else
      Result := CallWindowProc(WProc, Handle, Msg, wParam, lParam);
  end;

  procedure SubClassApplication;
  begin
    // We subclass Application window procedure so that
    // Application.OnMessage remains available for user.
    WProc := TFNWndProc(SetWindowLong(Application.Handle, GWL_WNDPROC,
      Longint(@NewWndProc)));
    // Set appropriate error flag if error condition occurred
    if WProc = nil then
      MIError := MIError or MI_ERROR_FAILSUBCLASS;
  end;

  procedure DoFirstInstance;
  // This is called only for the first instance of the application
  begin
    // Create the mutex with the (hopefully) unique string
    MutHandle := CreateMutex(nil, False, UniqueAppStr);
    if MutHandle = 0 then
      MIError := MIError or MI_ERROR_CREATINGMUTEX;
  end;

  procedure BroadcastFocusMessage;
  // This is called when there is already an instance running.
  var
    BSMRecipients: DWORD;
  begin
    // Prevent main form from flashing
    Application.ShowMainForm := False;
    // Post message to try to establish a dialogue with previous instance
    BSMRecipients := BSM_APPLICATIONS;
    BroadCastSystemMessage(BSF_IGNORECURRENTTASK or BSF_POSTMESSAGE,
      @BSMRecipients, MessageID, MI_QUERYWINDOWHANDLE,
      Application.Handle);
  end;

  procedure InitInstance;
  begin
    SubClassApplication;   // hook application message loop
    MutHandle := OpenMutex(MUTEX_ALL_ACCESS, False, UniqueAppStr);
    if MutHandle = 0 then
      // Mutex object has not yet been created, meaning that no previous
      // instance has been created.
      DoFirstInstance
    else
      BroadcastFocusMessage;
  end;

  initialization
    MessageID := RegisterWindowMessage(UniqueAppStr);
    InitInstance;
  finalization
    // Restore old application window procedure
    if WProc Nil then
      SetWindowLong(Application.Handle, GWL_WNDPROC, LongInt(WProc));
    if MutHandle 0 then CloseHandle(MutHandle);  // Free mutex
  end.
  

  第四个

  据说这个简单明了,有待我来考证

  回复人: fei19790920(饭桶的马甲(抵制日货)) ( 关于程序只运行一次的问题) 信誉:103 得分: 0

  program Project1;

  uses
    Forms,windows,
    Unit1 in 'Unit1.pas' {Form1};

  var hw:hwnd;

  {$R *.RES}
  begin
    Application.Initialize;
    application.title:='test';//名字自己定义
    CreateMutex(nil, false, 'ADManager');
    if GetLastError ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS then
    begin
      Application.CreateForm(TForm1, Form1);
      Application.Run;
    end;
  end.
  

  第五个

(本文来源于图老师网站,更多请访问https://www.tulaoshi.com/bianchengyuyan/)

  好像和上一个类似,但是感觉严谨,学习一下

  回复人: zdq801104(我很笨,但是我不傻!) ( 关于程序只运行一次的问题) 信誉:90

  看看这个吧,编译已经通过了
  unit Unit1;

  interface

  uses
    Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
    Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls, CheckLst;

  type
    TForm1 = class(TForm)
    private
      { Private declarations }
    public
      { Public declarations }
    end;

  var
    Form1: TForm1;
    //保存Mutex句柄
    mHandle:THandle;
    PreviousInstanceWindow:HWnd;
    Project:String;
    AppName:String;
  implementation

  {$R *.dfm}
  initialization
    //定义自己的项目名称,作为要创建的互斥区名,最好有自己的特点以防止重复
    Project:='RunOnlyOnce_MyProject';
    //将lpMutexAttributes设为nil,bInitialOwner设为True(即本程序拥有该互斥区)
    mHandle:=CreateMutex(nil,True,PChar(Project));
    if GetLastError=ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS then
     //该互斥区已存在则表明已有本程序的另一个实例在运行
      begin
        ShowMessage('已经有该程序在运行');
        //保存程序标题
        AppName:=Application.Title;
        //不显示本窗口
        Application.ShowMainForm:=False;
        //改变程序标题,以使函数FindWindow找到的是前一个实例窗口
        Application.Title:='destroy me';
        //寻找前一个实例窗口句柄
        PreviousInstanceWindow:=FindWindow(nil,PChar(AppName));
        //已经找到
        if PreviousInstanceWindow0 then
        //如果该窗口最小化则恢复
           if IsIconic(PreviousInstanceWindow) then
             ShowWindow(PreviousInstanceWindow,SW_RESTORE)
          else
          //如果程序在后台则将其放到前台
           SetForegroundWindow(PreviousInstanceWindow);
           //中止本实例
          Application.Terminate;
        end;
      finalization
      //该互斥区对象仍存在则关闭对象
        if mHandle0 then
          CloseHandle(mHandle);
  end.
  

  以上都是delphi版的,我爱delphi,可是我却没有办法用,项目都是vb的。讨厌vb却没有办法

  下面这个是vb的,绝对好用,不是我写的,转自谁,也找不到了,谢谢那天帮助我的兄台!!

  模块里面

(本文来源于图老师网站,更多请访问https://www.tulaoshi.com/bianchengyuyan/)

  Option Explicit

  Private Declare Function GetWindowThreadProcessId Lib "user32" (ByVal hWnd As Long, lpdwProcessId As Long) As Long
  Private Declare Function AttachThreadInput Lib "user32" (ByVal idAttach As Long, ByVal idAttachTo As Long, ByVal fAttach As Long) As Long
  Private Declare Function GetForegroundWindow Lib "user32" () As Long
  Private Declare Function SetForegroundWindow Lib "user32" (ByVal hWnd As Long) As Long
  Private Declare Function IsIconic Lib "user32" (ByVal hWnd As Long) As Long
  Private Declare Function ShowWindow Lib "user32" (ByVal hWnd As Long, ByVal nCmdShow As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function FindWindow Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowA" (ByVal lpClassName As String, ByVal lpWindowName As String) As Long

  Private Const SW_SHOW = 5
  Private Const SW_RESTORE = 9

  Public Const WM_CONTEXTMENU = &H7B ''菜单弹出

  
  ''在有一个实例运行的情况下把该实例拉到前台,不允许运行两个实例
  Public Function ForceForegroundWindow(ByVal hWnd As Long) As Boolean
     Dim ThreadID1 As Long
     Dim ThreadID2 As Long
     Dim nRet As Long

     If hWnd = GetForegroundWindow() Then
        ForceForegroundWindow = True
     Else
        ThreadID1 = GetWindowThreadProcessId(GetForegroundWindow, ByVal 0&)
        ThreadID2 = GetWindowThreadProcessId(hWnd, ByVal 0&)
        If ThreadID1 ThreadID2 Then
           Call AttachThreadInput(ThreadID1, ThreadID2, True)
           nRet = SetForegroundWindow(hWnd)
           Call AttachThreadInput(ThreadID1, ThreadID2, False)
        Else
           nRet = SetForegroundWindow(hWnd)
        End If
        If IsIconic(hWnd) Then
           Call ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_RESTORE)
        Else
           Call ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOW)
        End If
        ForceForegroundWindow = CBool(nRet)
     End If
  End Function

  sub main或者是主窗体,这里用的是sub main主窗体相应调整

  If App.PrevInstance = True Then

      Dim lngPreHandle As Long
     
      lngPreHandle = FindWindow(vbNullString, "欢迎登录上海时代航运MIS!") ''找登陆窗口,找到就是把登陆拉最前面
     
      If CBool(lngPreHandle) Then
         
          ForceForegroundWindow lngPreHandle
             
          End
             
      End If

      lngPreHandle = FindWindow(vbNullString, "时代航运管理信息系统") ''找不到登陆窗口,就找主窗口,把主窗口拉前面
     
      If CBool(lngPreHandle) Then
         
          ForceForegroundWindow lngPreHandle
             
          End
             
      End If
     
      End ''本来不可能存在既没有登陆窗口又没有主窗口的情况,但是为了以防万一,还是再这里多一个end
     
  End If
  

  vb的这个不严谨,通过findwindow的名字都不严谨,只是我的窗口名字还算牛,一般不会重复,有时间要多研究delphi的,找一个严谨的方法。

来源:https://www.tulaoshi.com/n/20160219/1602226.html

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