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【 tulaoshi.com - 编程语言 】
复杂的SQL我从不手工写,都是在EXCEL中利用现有的表格直接粘贴到源程序中的,下面我详细介绍这种方法。  ===========pu_insert过程的delphi源码如下====================
  procedure pu_insert(tablename:string;sarr:array of string);
  var rets,s,s1,s2:string;i,j,k,m,l:integer;c:char;
  begin
  rets:='(';l:=high(sarr);
  for i:=0 to l do
   begin
      s:=sarr[i];k:=0; s1:='';
      m:=length(s);
      for j:=0 to m do
       begin
          if s[j]=#9 then inc(k) else
             begin
               if k=1 then s1:=s1+s[j];
             end;
       end;
      if i=l then rets:=rets+s1+') values(' else rets:=rets+s1+',';
   end;           //以上取完了所有键名
  for i:=0 to l do
   begin
      s:=sarr[i];k:=0; s1:='';s2:='';
      m:=length(s);
      for j:=0 to m do
       begin
          if s[j]=#9 then inc(k) else
             begin
               if k=2 then s1:=s1+s[j];
               if k=11 then s2:=s2+s[j];
             end;
       end;
      c:=upcase(s1[1]);
      if i=l then begin
                     if (c='D') and (s2='') then rets:=rets+' null) ' else  //日期为空时
                     if (c='F') or (c='I') then rets:=rets+s2+') ' else     //数值类型
                     rets:=rets+#39+s2+#39+') ';                            //#39是MSSQL字串分隔符
                  end
                     else
                  begin
                     if (c='D') and (s2='') then rets:=rets+' null,' else
                     if (c='F') or (c='I') then rets:=rets+s2+',' else rets:=rets+#39+s2+#39+',';
                  end;
   end;
  if debug then tell('insert into '+tablename+' '+rets);
  pu_exec('insert into '+tablename+' '+rets);
  end;
  我还编了另一个过程pu_update也类似,只是多了一个条件参数,就不介绍了。
  因为这种方法在运行时要解释执行,比较慢,正式发布前,我会用另一个工具对源代码进行翻译成真正的SQL,这个工具软件的核心源码摘录如下:
  function doinsert2(ss:string):string;
  var l:tstringlist;i,j:integer;s:string;st:string;hav:boolean;
      ch:string;label next1,next2,next3;
  begin//
  try l:=tstringlist.create;
  s:='';
  for i:=1 to length(ss) do//分行,第一行专用
  begin
   if (ss[i]#13) and (ss[i]#10) then s:=s+ss[i];
   if ss[i]=#13 then begin l.Add(s);s:='' end;
  end;
  for i:=1 to l.count-1 do//清除第一个'号前的所有字符
    begin
       if l[i][1]='/' then goto next3;
       hav:=false;
       s:='';for j:=1 to length(l[i]) do
             begin
                if l[i][j]=#39 then hav:=true;
                if hav then s:=s+l[i][j];
             end;
      l[i]:=s;
      next3:
    end;
  st:='///insert'#13#10+
  'pu_exec('#39'insert into '+myfind(ss,12,#39)+' (';
  for i:=1 to l.Count-1 do
   begin
     if l[i][1]='/' then goto next1;
     if (il.count-1) and ((i mod 8)=0) then st:=st+#39'+'#13#10#39;
     if il.count-1 then st:=st+mytab(l[i],1)+','
                     else st:=st+mytab(l[i],1)+') values('#39;
   next1:
   end;
  for i:=1 to l.Count-1 do
   begin
     if l[i][1]='/' then goto next2;
     st:=st+#13#10;
     if mytab(l[i],2)[1] in ['F','I','f','i'] then ch:='' else ch:='#39+';
     if il.count-1 then st:=st+'+'+ch+mytab(l[i],12)+'+'+ch+#39','#39
                     else st:=st+'+'+ch+mytab(l[i],12)+'+'+ch+#39')'#39')';
   next2:
   end;
  result:=st;
  finally
  l.Free;
  end;
  end;
  function doupdate(ss:string):string;
  var l:tstringlist;i,j:integer;s:string;st:string;hav:boolean;
      ch:string;label next1,next2,next3;
  begin//
  try l:=tstringlist.create;
  s:='';
  for i:=1 to length(ss) do//分行,第一行专用
  begin
   if (ss[i]#13) and (ss[i]#10) then s:=s+ss[i];
   if ss[i]=#13 then begin l.Add(s);s:='' end;
  end;
  for i:=1 to l.count-1 do//清除第一个'号前的所有字符
    begin
       if l[i][1]='/' then goto next3;
       hav:=false;
       s:='';for j:=1 to length(l[i]) do
             begin
                if l[i][j]=#39 then hav:=true;
                if hav then s:=s+l[i][j];
             end;
      l[i]:=s;
     next3:
    end;
  st:='///update'#13#10+
  'pu_exec('#39'update '+myfind(ss,12,#39)+' set '#39;
  for i:=1 to l.Count-1 do
   begin
     if l[i][1]='/' then goto next1;
     st:=st+#13#10'+'#39;
     if mytab(l[i],2)[1] in ['F','I','f','i'] then ch:='' else ch:='#39+';
     st:=st+mytab(l[i],1)+'='#39;
     if il.count-1 then st:=st+'+'+ch+mytab(l[i],12)+'+'+ch+#39','#39
                     else st:=st+'+'+ch+mytab(l[i],12)+'+'+ch;
   next1:
   end;
  i:=pos(',',l[0]);
  st:=st+#39' where '#39'+'+myfind(l[0],i+1,',')+')';
  result:=st;
  finally
  l.Free;
  end;
  end;
  // end of doupdate
  
  function doinsert(ss:string):string;
  var st,s,sod,snew:string;i,i1,i2,i3,i4,l:integer;hav:boolean;
  begin//
  st:=ss;
  //开始qkinsert
  repeat
  i1:=pos('pu_insert('#39,st); if i1=0 then break;
          sod:='';
          for i:=i1 to length(st) do
            begin
              sod:=sod+st[i];
              if (st[i]=')') and (st[i-1]=']') and ((st[i+1]=';') or (st[i-2]=#10) or (st[i-2]=#13)) then break;
            end;
          snew:=doinsert2(sod);
          st:=stringreplace(st,sod,snew,[rfReplaceAll]);
  until 12;
  //开始qkupdate
  repeat
  i1:=pos('pu_update('#39,st); if i1=0 then break;
          sod:='';
          for i:=i1 to length(st) do
            begin
              sod:=sod+st[i];
              if (st[i]=')') and (st[i-1]=']') and ((st[i+1]=';') or (st[i-2]=#10) or (st[i-2]=#13)) then break;
            end;
          snew:=doupdate(sod);
          st:=stringreplace(st,sod,snew,[rfReplaceAll]);
  until 12;
  result:=st;
  end;
  procedure TForm1.Button11Click(Sender: TObject);label lb1;
  var
    sr: TSearchRec;
    i1,FileAttrs,i: Integer;
    t,f:file;
    a:array[1..1000000]of char;s1,fff:string;
    st:string;stin:string;
  begin
   if open1.Execute=false then exit;
   s1:=open1.FileName;
   memo2.text:=''; FileAttrs :=  faAnyFile;
   s1:=extractfilepath(s1);//showmessage(s1);exit;
   if FindFirst(s1+'*.pas',FileAttrs, sr) = 0 then
        repeat
         if sr.attr=fareadonly then begin memo2.text:=memo2.text+'操作失败:';goto lb1 end;
         if sr.attr=faVolumeID then begin memo2.text:=memo2.text+'操作失败:'; goto lb1 end;
         if sr.attr=fadirectory then begin memo2.text:=memo2.text+'操作失败:'; goto lb1 end;
         assignfile(t,s1+sr.Name);
         reset(t,1);
         blockread(t,a,1000000,i1);
         closefile(t);
         if i1=1000000 then begin memo2.text:=memo2.text+'文件太大,操作失败';goto lb1 end;
         if i10 then
           try
           stin:='';
           for i:=1 to i1 do stin:=stin+a[i];
           if deb=10 then showmessage('in          '+stin);
           st:=doinsert(stin);
           if deb=10 then showmessage('out            '+st);
           assignfile(f,s1+sr.Name);
           rewrite(f,1);
           blockwrite(f,st[1],length(st));
           closefile(f);
           except
             memo2.Text:=memo2.text+'打开失败:'
           end;
   lb1:  memo2.Text:=memo2.text+sr.name+#13#10;
         application.ProcessMessages;
         until FindNext(sr)  0;
  end;
  我是这样写复杂的查询语句的,如我编了一个查询当前发库的窗口,源程序主体(下例中的前16行)也是从EXCEL排好版粘过来,
  注意这个示例中不仅生成了SQL,而且还设定了dbgrid1的各字段的宽度,及字段的中文名。也就是说它的数据显示随源程序而变。
  t.s_add(1,'s','','a.trnno','发货单号',90,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','a.orderno','订单号',90,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','c.branchcode','分公司',61,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','month(a.times)','月份',60,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','a.times','发货日期',75,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','upper(b.modleserial)','系列',60,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','a.k_modle','成品型号',100,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','b.modlesm','成品说明',100,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','(-a.qty)','发货数量',75,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','a.n_ccj','标准出厂价',85,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','(-a.qty * a.n_ccj)','出厂价总额',130,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','b.factoryprice','当前出厂价',85,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','(-a.qty * b.factoryprice)','当前价总额',130,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','a.realccj','订单出厂价',85,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','(-a.qty * a.realccj)','订单价总额',130,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'s','','d.remark','备注',150,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'f','','chg_stkcrd a,modle b,orders c,fhd d','',0,'','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'w','','','',0,'','','','a.k_modle=b.modle and a.k_fid='+_factid+' and a.trntype='#39'发货'#39
                +' and a.orderno=c.orderno and a.trnno=d.fhdcode');
  t.s_add(1,'w','cxbuttonedit2','a.k_modle','',0,'=',#39,#39,'');
  t.s_add(1,'w','cxbuttonedit1','b.modlesm','',0,'like',#39'%','%'#39,'');
  t.s_add(1,'w','cxbuttonedit7','b.modleserial','',0,'=',#39,#39,'');
  t.s_add(1,'w','cxtextedit5','(-a.qty)','',0,'=','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'w','cxtextedit4','(-a.qty)','',0,'=','','','');
  t.s_add(1,'w','cxdateedit1','a.times','',0,'=',#39,#39,'');
  t.s_add(1,'w','cxdateedit2','a.times','',0,'=',#39,c59+#39,'');
  t.s_add(1,'w','cxbuttonedit3','a.trnno','',0,'=',#39,#39,'');
  t.s_add(1,'w','cxbuttonedit5','a.orderno','',0,'=',#39,#39,'');
  t.s_add(1,'w','cxbuttonedit6','c.branchcode','',0,'=',#39,#39,'');
  pu_cdsql(q1,t.s_getsql(1)); //执行SQL并放在cd1这个内存表中
  t.S_GridWidth(1,dbgrid1);   //设dbgrid1各个字段的宽度
  其中T是一个专用于生成SQL的对象(源代码较长,略过),其运行画面及产生的SQL语句见此blog后附的图片  总之我这种方法写SQL,非常快,而且维护方便,编一个查询窗口总共不到50行代码就完事了。
来源:http://www.tulaoshi.com/n/20160219/1601899.html
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